/* ===================================================================
   DESIGN TOKENS
   Ink navy + ledger paper, brass and seal-red accents.
   Change values here to re-theme the whole site.
=================================================================== */
:root{
  --ink:        #000814;   /* deepest navy — hero, footer, dark surfaces */
  --ink-soft:   #001d3d;   /* lifted ink surface */
  --paper:      #ffffff;   /* paper — light section background */
  --paper-2:    #f2f4f7;   /* neutral off-white, cool tint — alternate section background */
  --paper-line: #dde3ea;   /* hairline rules on paper */
  --ink-line:   #003566;   /* hairline rules on ink */
  --text-ink:   #000814;   /* body text on paper */
  --text-paper: #ffffff;   /* body text on ink */
  --text-muted: #4a5568;   /* secondary text on paper */
  --text-muted-ink: #7d92ad; /* secondary text on ink */
  --brass:      #003566;   /* steel-blue accent — links, marks (readable on paper) */
  --brass-bright: #ffd60a; /* bright gold — hover/highlight on dark surfaces */
  --seal:       #ffc300;   /* gold — the nuqta, buttons, emphasis */

  --font-name: "Roboto", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  --font-title: "Google Sans", "Roboto", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  --font-body: "IBM Plex Sans", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  --font-mono: "IBM Plex Mono", ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, monospace;

  --wrap: 1180px;
}

/* ===================================================================
   RESET
=================================================================== */
*, *::before, *::after{ box-sizing: border-box; }
html{ scroll-behavior: smooth; }
body{
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--text-ink);
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}
img{ max-width: 100%; display: block; }
a{ color: inherit; }
h1,h2,h3{ font-family: var(--font-name); margin: 0; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -.01em; }
p{ margin: 0 0 1em; }
ul{ margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; }
button{ font: inherit; }

.sr-only{
  position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding: 0; margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0,0,0,0); white-space: nowrap; border: 0;
}
.skip-link{
  position: absolute; left: -9999px; top: 0; background: var(--seal); color: #fff;
  padding: .75em 1.25em; z-index: 200; font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .85rem;
}
.skip-link:focus{ left: 1rem; top: 1rem; }

:focus-visible{
  outline: 2px solid var(--seal);
  outline-offset: 3px;
}

.wrap{
  max-width: var(--wrap);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 clamp(1.25rem, 4vw, 2.5rem);
}

/* ===================================================================
   THE NUQTA — a small mark that follows scroll/cursor,
   echoing the dot that anchors letterforms in the Urdu script.
=================================================================== */
.nuqta{
  position: fixed;
  width: 8px; height: 8px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--seal);
  top: 0; left: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  z-index: 300;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  transition: opacity .3s ease, transform .15s ease;
  opacity: 0;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(255,195,0,.18);
}
.nuqta.is-visible{ opacity: 1; }
@media (max-width: 780px){ .nuqta{ display: none; } }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce){
  .nuqta{ transition: none; }
}

/* ===================================================================
   HEADER / NAV
=================================================================== */
.site-header{
  position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 100;
  background: rgba(0,8,20,.92);
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink-line);
   overflow-x: hidden;
}
.header-inner{
  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between;
  height: 68px;
}
.mark{
  font-family: var(--font-name);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 2rem;
  color: var(--text-paper);
  text-decoration: none;
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .5em;
}
.mark-dot{
  width: 7px; height: 7px; border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--seal); display: inline-block;
}
.nav-list{
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: clamp(1rem, 2.4vw, 2rem);
}
.nav-list a{
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--text-muted-ink);
  font-size: .95rem;
  letter-spacing: .01em;
  transition: color .15s ease;
}
.nav-list a:hover{ color: var(--text-paper); }
.nav-cta{
  color: var(--brass-bright) !important;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: .85rem !important;
}
.nav-toggle{
  display: none;
  flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; gap: 5px;
  width: 32px; height: 32px;
  background: none; border: none; cursor: pointer;
}
.nav-toggle span{
  display: block; height: 2px; width: 100%;
  background: var(--text-paper);
}

@media (max-width: 780px){
  .nav-toggle{ display: flex; }
  .nav-list{
    position: absolute; top: 68px; left: 0; right: 0;
    background: var(--ink);
    flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 0;
    max-height: 0; overflow: hidden;
    transition: max-height .25s ease;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink-line);
  }
  .nav-list.is-open{ max-height: 400px; }
  .nav-list li{ width: 100%; }
  .nav-list a{
    display: block; width: 100%; padding: 1rem clamp(1.25rem,4vw,2.5rem);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--ink-line);
  }
}

/* ===================================================================
   HERO
=================================================================== */
.hero{
  position: relative;
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--text-paper);
  overflow: hidden;
  min-height: calc(100svh - 68px);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  padding: clamp(3rem, 8vw, 5rem) 0;
}
#halftone{
  position: absolute; inset: 0;
  width: 100%; height: 100%;
  opacity: .5;
}
.hero-inner{ position: relative; z-index: 2; width: 100%; }
.hero-grid{
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.3fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(2rem, 6vw, 4rem);
}
.hero-text{ max-width: 620px; }
.hero-photo{
  justify-self: center;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 280px;
}
.hero-photo img{
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  display: block;
  border-radius: 50%;
}
@media (max-width: 860px){
  .hero-grid{ grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2.5rem; }
  .hero-photo{ order: -1; max-width: 180px; }
  .hero-text{ max-width: none; }
}
.eyebrow{
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: .8rem;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-muted-ink);
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .6em;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}
.eyebrow .dot{
  width: 6px; height: 6px; border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--seal); display: inline-block;
}
.hero-title{
  font-family: var(--font-title);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 9vw, 3rem);
  line-height: .98;
  letter-spacing: -.02em;
  margin-bottom: 1.1rem;
}
.hero-lede{
  font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 2.1vw, 1.3rem);
  color: var(--text-paper);
  max-width: 42ch;
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
  font-weight: 400;
}
.hero-role{
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: .88rem;
  color: var(--text-muted-ink);
  max-width: 46ch;
  margin-bottom: 2.25rem;
}
.hero-actions{ display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1rem; }

.btn{
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .5em;
  padding: .85em 1.5em;
  font-size: .95rem;
  text-decoration: none;
  border-radius: 2px;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  transition: background .15s ease, color .15s ease, border-color .15s ease;
}
.btn-primary{
  background: var(--seal); color: var(--ink);
}
.btn-primary:hover{ background: var(--brass-bright); }
.btn-ghost{
  border-color: var(--ink-line); color: var(--text-paper);
}
.btn-ghost:hover{ border-color: var(--brass-bright); color: var(--brass-bright); }

/* ===================================================================
   SECTIONS
=================================================================== */
.section{ padding: clamp(4rem, 9vw, 6.5rem) 0; min-height: 100vh; align-content: center; }
.section-alt{ background: var(--paper-2); }
.section-contact{ background: var(--ink); color: var(--text-paper); }

.section-eyebrow{
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: .8rem;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--brass);
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.section-contact .section-eyebrow{ color: var(--brass-bright); }

.section h2{
  font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 3.4vw, 2.6rem);
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
  max-width: 20ch;
}
.section-intro{
  max-width: 58ch;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}
.section-contact .section-intro{ color: var(--text-muted-ink); }

.split{
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0,.85fr) minmax(0,1.15fr);
  gap: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 5rem);
}
@media (max-width: 860px){
  .split{ grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 1.5rem; }
}
.split-lead h2{ position: sticky; top: 100px; }
.teaching-since{
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .85rem; color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-top: .5rem;
}

.fact-list li{
  position: relative;
  padding-left: 1.4em;
  margin-bottom: .85em;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--paper-line);
  padding-bottom: .85em;
}
.fact-list li::before{
  content: "";
  position: absolute; left: 0; top: .55em;
  width: 5px; height: 5px; border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--seal);
}
.fact-note{ color: var(--text-muted); font-size: .95rem; margin-top: 1.2rem; }

/* ---- publications ---- */
.pub-list{ margin-top: 2.5rem; }
.pub{
  padding: 1.75rem 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--paper-line);
}
.pub:last-child{ border-bottom: 1px solid var(--paper-line); }
.pub-meta{
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: .8rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  margin-bottom: .5rem;
}
.pub h3{ font-size: 1.25rem; margin-bottom: .5rem; }
.pub h3 a{
  text-decoration: none;
  background-image: linear-gradient(var(--brass), var(--brass));
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-position: 0 100%;
  background-size: 100% 1px;
}
.pub h3 a:hover{ color: var(--brass); }
.pub p:last-child{ margin-bottom: 0; color: var(--text-muted); }
.pub-inprogress .pub-meta{ color: var(--seal); }

.research-links{
  margin-top: 2rem;
  display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .5rem 2rem;
}
.link-arrow{
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: .9rem;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--text-ink);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--brass);
  padding-bottom: 2px;
}
.section-contact .link-arrow{ color: var(--text-paper); }
.link-arrow::after{ content: " →"; }
.link-arrow:hover{ color: var(--brass); }

/* ---- timeline ---- */
.timeline li{
  padding: 1.1rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--paper-line);
  font-size: .98rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
}
.timeline-year{
  display: block;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: .8rem;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  color: var(--brass);
  margin-bottom: .4rem;
}

/* ---- project grid ---- */
.project-grid{
  margin-top: 2.5rem;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(250px, 1fr));
  gap: 1px;
  background: var(--paper-line);
  border: 1px solid var(--paper-line);
}
.project-card{
  background: var(--paper-2);
  padding: 1.75rem 1.5rem;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--text-ink);
  transition: background .15s ease;
  position: relative;
}
.section-alt .project-card{ background: var(--paper); }
.project-card:hover{ background: var(--ink); color: var(--text-paper); }
.project-card:hover .project-card-mark{ background: var(--brass-bright); }
.project-card:hover h3{ color: var(--text-paper); }
.project-card-mark{
  display: inline-block; width: 6px; height: 6px; border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--seal); margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.project-card h3{ font-size: 1.1rem; margin-bottom: .5rem; }
.project-card p{ font-size: .9rem; color: var(--text-muted); margin: 0; }
.project-card:hover p{ color: var(--text-muted-ink); }

/* ---- contact ---- */
.contact-grid{
  margin-top: 2.5rem;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
  gap: 1px;
  background: var(--ink-line);
  border: 1px solid var(--ink-line);
}
.contact-item{
  background: var(--ink);
  padding: 1.5rem;
  text-decoration: none;
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .35rem;
  transition: background .15s ease;
}
.contact-item:hover{ background: var(--ink-soft); }
.contact-label{
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .75rem;
  text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .06em;
  color: var(--text-muted-ink);
}
.contact-value{ font-size: 1.05rem; color: var(--text-paper); word-break: break-word; }
.contact-address{
  margin-top: 2rem;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: .85rem;
  color: var(--text-muted-ink);
  max-width: 50ch;
}

/* ===================================================================
   FOOTER
=================================================================== */
.site-footer{
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--text-muted-ink);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ink-line);
  padding: 1.75rem 0;
  font-size: .85rem;
}
.footer-inner{ display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1rem; }
.back-to-top{ text-decoration: none; color: var(--text-muted-ink); font-family: var(--font-mono); }
.back-to-top:hover{ color: var(--brass-bright); }

/* ===================================================================
   SCROLL REVEAL (progressive enhancement, respects reduced motion)
=================================================================== */
.reveal{
  opacity: 0; transform: translateY(16px);
  transition: opacity .6s ease, transform .6s ease;
}
.reveal.is-in{ opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce){
  .reveal{ opacity: 1; transform: none; transition: none; }
  html{ scroll-behavior: auto; }
}